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Jha, P., Gupta, P

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They state that the heated tobacco product studied "releases slightly less nicotine and much lower amounts of carbonyl compounds and PAHs than tobacco cigarettes." However, they also point out that "HTP emissions still contain carcinogenic compounds (e.g., formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and benzo[a]pyrene) and that the amounts of carbonyls and PAHs are much higher than in e-cigarette vapors." Consequently, although the IQOS aerosol shows "reduced cytotoxicity" compared to cigarette smoke, it remains "higher" than in vaping