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effects of e cigarettes on oral health Risks Vaping Vaping and Oral Health: What
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Gopal Grandhige, MD, FACS, Board-Certified Surgeon Last Reviewed: April 5, 2026 Smoking significantly worsens acid reflux and GERD by weakening the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), increasing stomach acid production, and impairing the esophaguss ability to clear acid
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Additionally, federal law technically remains violated, and federal agents could theoretically pursue charges, though this rarely occurs for personal amounts
Bhalerao A, Sivandzade F, Archie SR, Cucullo L
