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Spontaneous action representation in smokers when watching movie characters smoke

These devices replace one method of delivery with another without addressing the real problem, which is nicotine addiction, Rangel says

Therapy may offer coping strategies to help people resist cravings

Although direct evidence on nicotines effects in the developing cardiovascular system is limited, its well established impact in adults particularly through sustained sympathetic activation and endothelial dysfunction raises credible concerns that early exposure during adolescence may disrupt normal cardiovascular maturation and contribute to the early development of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (9)