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Mechanistically, their data demonstrated that NEFA and BHBA activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, shedding light on the fact that NEFA and BHBA induce oxidative stress and an inflammatory response, potentially via the MAPK signaling pathway in BMECs (50)

10.2337/db05-0509 Diabetes 220 StevensD

In aged mice, research has demonstrated several key changes that contribute to the development of DE, including disruption of corneal barrier function, heightened ocular surface inflammation [151], loss of meibomian glands [152], and increased levels of oxidative stress within the lacrimal glands [153, 154]

Mixed incontinence: combines symptoms of both