melanotic macules on lips Brown spots, especially the lips, can be alarming to some. In some instances it can indicate rare oral mucosal melanoma, however in this case it was a non-cancerous labial macule. Dark Black Spot on Lip

Oxidized phospholipids induce type VIII collagen expression and vascular smooth muscle cell migration

Under hypoxia, the mitochondrial ETC is inhibited, and energy synthesis and Asp synthesis are limited, which leads to the dependence of tumor cells on the environmental uptake of Asp

doi: 10.1038/ng1592 28 KimJHXieJHwangKHWuYLOliverNEomMet al

Succinyl-CoA is also generated as a product of propionyl-CoA metabolism, a substrate formed from the oxidative metabolism of isoleucine and valine, from propionate from gut flora, from odd-chain fatty acid (OC-FA) metabolism, and from metabolism of methionine and threonine in the form of -ketobutyrate (-KB)