dark melanotic stool What causes black stool? Melena, Causes, Signs and Symptoms,

This powerful ingredient offers antioxidant properties, which combat oxidative stress and may help slow the aging process at the cellular level

I., Pflueger, C., Cairns, B

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interests

UC is a chronic and recurrent gastrointestinal disorder driven by immune dysregulation, characterized by alternating episodes of inflammation and remission, and remains incurable ( Immunometabolism is an emerging research field in which immune cells regulate energy and biosynthesis through pathways such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and tricarboxylic acid cycle in different microenvironments to meet proliferation, differentiation, and effector functions ( In this review, we provide an overview of the latest research on TMAO in the context of immunometabolism