glutathione polyol pathway pathway. Excess glucose is metabolized by the polyol Frontiers | Combination therapy is

The main ones are Super Oxide Dismutase(SOD), Trx system and Gpx family ( The Gpx family of glutathione peroxidases is an evolutionarily highly conserved group of enzymes containing eight main isoenzymes, among which Glutathione Peroxidase 4(GPx4) utilizes GSH as a cofactor to convert lipid hydroperoxides into nontoxic lipids alcohols and reduce free radical accumulation ( Figure 3 )

[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] Vali S, Mythri RB, Jagatha B, Padiadpu J, Ramanujan KS, Andersen JK, Gorin F, Bharath MM

These are typically water-based solutions administered via a subcutaneous (subQ) injection using an insulin syringe

doi: 10.1016/S0065-2776(08)00003-5 133