l theanine glutathione The Emerging Role of Citrulline and in Health and Disease: A Comprehensive Review l-Theanine

5.2 Exogenous antioxidants 5.2.1 Carotenoids (Vitamin A) More than 700 naturally occurring lipophilic pigments are referred to as carotenoids which are abundantly found in the plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria but not in animals or human [144]

doi:10.1080/02713680590968132

Funding This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82471593 to J.M., 32330047 to F.W.) Ethics declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors

Further studies have found that when intracellular iron and lipid disorders are disturbed, 15-hydroperoxy-arachidonoyl-phosphatidyl-ethyl amino alcohol (15-HpETE-PE) will accumulate, resulting in the appearance of ferroptosis [4, 34, 50], and one of the catalysts of this reaction may be the ALOX15 and scaffold protein PE-binding protein-1 (PEBP1) complex [51, 52], NO can inhibit the catalysis of this complex, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis