ipamorelin half-life in humans pharmacokinetics PDF) Pharmacokinetic evaluation of and other peptidyl growth hormone secretagogues with emphasis on nasal absorption Pharmacokinetic study of Growth Hormone-Releasing
Description
As opposed to taking a pill or food form, when you are given B12 via an injection, it skips the digestive system and enters your body directly into your bloodstream

It appears the outcomes of delivery by the nasal route differ widely between the studies

Examples include protein-based nanoparticles made from whey protein isolate (51, 52), zein (corn protein) (53, 54), or casein (55, 56), and polysaccharide-based systems using chitosan (57), alginate (58, 59), or pectin (60, 61)

Lin and A.B